PartⅠStructure
and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions:
Beneath each of the following
sentences, there are four choices
marked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Choose
the one that best completes
the sentence. Mark your answer
on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening
the corresponding letter in
the brackets with a pencil.
（5 points）
Example:
I have been to the Great
Wall three times 1979.
[A]from[B]after[C]for[D]since
The sentence should read,
"I have been to the Great
Wall three times since 1979."Therefore,
you should choose[D].
Sample Answer
[A][B][C][D]
1.As I'll be away for at
least a year, I'd appreciate____from
you now and then telling me
how everyone is getting along.
[A]hearing [B]to hear [C]to
be hearing [D]having heard
2.Greatly agitated,I rushed
to the apartment and tried the
door,___to find it locked.
[A]just [B]only [C]hence
[D]thus
3.Doctors see a connection
between increase amounts of
leisure time spent___and the
increased number of cases of
skin cancer.
[A]to sunbathe [B]to have
sunbathed
[C]having sunbathed [D]sunbathing
4.Unless you sign a contract
with the insurance company for
your goods,you are not entitled____a
repayment for the doods damaged
in delivery.
[A]to [B]with [C]for [D]on
5.On a rainy day I was driving
north through Vermont____I noticed
a young man holding up a sign
reading "Boston".
[A]which [B]where [C]when
[D]that
6.Christie stared angrily
at her boos and turned away,as
though____out of the office.
[A]went [B]gone [C]to go
[D]would go
7.The roles expected___old
people in such a setting give
too few psychlolgical satisfactions
for normal happiness.
[A]of [B]on [C]to [D] with
8.Talk to anyone in the
drug industry,____you'll soon
discover that the science of
genetics is the biggest thing
to hit drug research since penicillin
was discovered.
[A]or [B]and [C]for [D]so
9.It wasn't so much that
I disliked her___that I just
wasn't interested in the whole
business.
[A]rather [B]so [C]than
[D]as
10.Countless divouced politicians
would have been elected out
of office years ago had they
even thought of a divouce, let
alone___one.
[A]getting [B]bo get [C]gotten
[D]get
Section B
Directions:
Each of the following sentences
has four underlined parts marked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Identify
the part of the sentence that
is incorrect and mark your answer
on ANSWER SHEETⅠby blackening
the corresponding letter in
the brackets with a pencil.（5
points）
Example:
A number of[A]foreign visitors
were taken[B]to the industrial
exhibition, which[C]they saw[D]many
new products.
Answer [C] is wrong. The
sentence should read, "A
number of foreign visitors were
taken to the industrial exhibition,
where they saw many new products."
So you should choose[C].
Sample Answer
[A][B][C][D]
11.Having isolated[A]on a
remote island, with[B]little
work to occupy[C]them, the soldiers
suffered from boredom and low
spirits[D].
12.If the letter to be mailed[A]was
placed[B]on the writing table
an hour ago, it is[C]certain
being[D]there now.
13.The ruling[A]party could
even lose its[B]majority in
the lower house of parliament,
started[C]a period of prolonged
struggling[D].
14. The mechanisms at[A]work
are manifest[B]in the tendency
for such physical activity to[C]utilize
the potential[D]harmful constituents
of the stress response.
15.In[A]the long run, however,
this hurry to shed[B]fulltime
staff may be more[C]harmful
to industry as it is to[D]the
workforce.
16.See to it[A]that you include
in[B]the examination paper whatever[C]questions
they didnt know the answer[D]last
time.
17.Most newspapers, while
devoting[A]the major part of
its[B]space to recent events,
usually manage to find room[C]on
the inside pages for articles
on[D]some interesting topics.
18.One sign by which[A]you
are making progress in an art[B]such
as painting or photography is
that[C]you begin to realize
how much there is[D]to learn.
19.The ideal listener stays
both inside and outside[A]the
music at the moment it is played
and enjoying[B]it almost as
much as[C]the composer at the
moment he composes[D].
20.Continued[A]exposure to
stress has been linked to worsened[B]functioning
of the immune system, leaving[C]a
person more liable for[D]infection.
Section C
Directions:
Beneath each of the following
sentences, there are four choices
marked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Choose
the one that best completes
the sentence. Mark your answer
on ANSWER SHEETⅠby blackening
the corresponding letter in
the brackets with a pencil.
（10 points）
Example:
The lost car of the Lees
was found in the woods off the
highway.
[A]vanished[B]scattered[C]abandoned[D]rejected
The sentence should read,
"The lost car of the Lees
was found abandoned in the woods
off the highway."Therefore,
you should choose[C].
Sample Answer
[A][B][C][D]
21.He spoke so___that even
his opponents were won over
by his arguments.
[A]bluntly [B]convincingly[C]emphatically
[D]determinedly
22.France's ____of nuclear
testing in the South Pacific
last month triggered political
debates and mass demonstrations.
[A]assumption [B]consumption[C]presumption
[D]resumption
23.The 215-page manuscript,circulated
to publishers last October,____an
outburst of interest.
[A]flared [B]glittered [C]sparked
[D]flashed
24.His efforts to bring about
a reconciliation between the
two Parties___.
[A]came off [B]came on [C]came
round [D]came down
25.The system was redesigned
to embrace the network and eventually____it
in a profitable direction.
[A]adapt [B]control [C]install
[D]steer
26.The capital intended to
broaden the export base and
____efficiency gains from intemational
trade was channeled instead
into uneconomic import substitution.
[A]secure [B]extend [C]defend
[D]possess
27.It is announced that a
wallet has been found and can
be____ at the manager's office.
[A]declared [B]obtained [C]reclaimed
[D]recognized
28.When I___my senses, I
found myself wrapped up in bed
in my little room, with Grandma
bending over me.
[A]woke up [B]took to [C]picked
up [D]came to
29.The American society is___an
exceedingly shaky foundation
of natural resources,which is
connected with the possibility
of a worsening environment.
[A]established on [B]affiliated
to[C]originated from [D]incorporated
with
30.I am not_____with my roomate
but I have to share the room
with her, because I have nowhere
else to live.
[A]concerned [B]compatible
[C]considerate [D]complied
31.At first, the____of color
pictures over a long distance
seemed impossible,but,with painstaking
efforts and at great expense,
it became a reality.
[A]transaction [B]transmission[C]transformation
[D]transiton
32.When the committee_____to
details,the proposed plan seemed
impractical.
[A]got down [B]set about
[C]went off [D]came up
33.____to some parts of South
America is still difficult,because
parts of the continent are still
covered with thick forests.
[A]Orientation [B]Access
[C]Procession [D]Voyage
34.Mr Smith had an unusual_____:he
was first an office clerk, the
a sailor,and ended up as a school
teacher.
[A]profession [B]occupation
[C]position [D]career
35.The maor is a woman with
great____and therefore deserves
our political and financial
support.
[A]intention [B]instinct
[C]integrity [D]intensity
36.The English weather defies
forecast and hence is a source
of interest____to everyone.
[A]speculation [B]attribution
[C]utilization [D]proposition
37.The fact that the golden
eagle usually builds its nest
on some high cliffs___it almost
impossible to obtain the eggs
or the young birds.
[A]renders [B]reckons [C]regards
[D]relates
38.To impress a future employer,
one should dress neatly be____,and
display in the job.
[A]swift [B]instant [C]timely
[D]punctual
39.You don't have to install
this radio in your new car,
it's an_____extra.
[A]excessive [B]optional
[C]additional [D]arbitrary
40.We were pleased to note
that the early moming delivery
didn't______to the traffic jam
of the busy city.
[A]aid [B]amount [C]add [D]attribute
PartⅡCloze Test
Directions:
For each numbered blank in
the following passage, there
are four choices marked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Choose
the best one and mark your answer
on ANSWER SHEETⅠby blackening
the corresponding letter in
the brackets with a pencil.
（10 points）
If a farmer wishes to succeed,
he must try to keep a wide gap
between his consumption and
his production. He must store
a large quantity of grain 41
consuming all his grain immediately.
He can continue to support himself
and his family 42 he produces
a surplus. He must use this
surplus in three ways: as seed
for sowing, as an insurance
43 the unpredictable effects
of bad weather and as a commodity
which he must sell in order
to 44 old agricultural implements
and obtain chemical fertilizers
to 45 the soil. He may also
need money to construct irrigation
46 and improve his farm in other
ways. If no surplus is available,
a farmer cannot be 47. He must
either sell some of his property
or 48 extra funds in the form
of loans. Naturally he will
try to borrow money at a low
49 of interest, but loans of
this kind are not 50 obtainable.
41.[A]other than[B]as well
as[C]instead of[D]more than
42.[A]only if[B]much as[C]long
before[D]ever since
43.[A]for[B]against[C]of[D]towards
44.[A]replace[B]purchase[C]supplement[D]dispose
45.[A]enhance[B]mix[C]feed[D]raise
46.[A]vessels[B]routes[C]paths[D]channels
47.[A]selfconfident[B]selfsufficient[C]selfsatisfied[D]selfrestrained
48.[A]search[B]save[C]offer[D]seek
49.[A]proportion[B]percentage[C]rate[D]ratio
50.[A]genuinely[B]obviously[C]presumably[D]frequently
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Directions:
Each of the passages below
is followed by some questions.
For each question there are
four answers marked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Read
the passages carefully and choose
the best answer to each of the
questions. Then mark your answer
on ANSWER SHEETⅠby blackening
the corresponding letter in
the brackets with a pencil.（40
points）
Passage1
A history of long and effortless
success can be a dreadful handicap,
but, if properly handled, it
may become a driving force.
When the United States entered
just such a glowing period after
the end of Second World War,
it had a market eight times
larger than any competitor,
giving its industries unparalleled
economies of scale. Its scientists
were the world's best, its workers
the most skilled. America and
Americans were prosperous beyond
the dreams of the Europeans
and Asians whose economies the
war had destroyed.
It was inevitable that this
primacy should have narrowed
as other countries grew richer.
Just as inevitably, the retreat
from predominance proved painful.
By the mid 1980s Americans had
found themselves at a loss over
their fading industrial competitiveness.
Some huge American industries,
such as consumer electronics,
had shrunk or vanished in the
face of foreign competition.
By 1987 there was only one American
television maker left, Zenith.
（Now there is none: Zenith was
bought by South Korea's LG Electronics
in July.） Foreignmade cars
and textiles were sweeping into
the domestic market. America's
machine tool industry was on
the ropes. For a while it looked
as though the making of semiconductors,
which America had invented and
which sat at the heart of the
new computer age, was going
to be the next casualty.
All of this caused a crisis
of confidence. Americans stopped
taking prosperity for granted.
They began to believe that their
way of doing business was failing
and that their incomes would
therefore shortly begin to fall
as well. The mid-1980s brought
one inquiry after another into
the causes of America's industrial
decline. Their sometimes sensational
findings were filled with warnings
about the growing competition
from overseas.
How things have changed!
In 1995 the United States can
look back on five years of solid
growth while Japan has been
struggling. Few Americans attribute
this solely to such obvious
causes as a devalued dollar
or the turning of the business
cycle. Self-doubt has yield
to blind pride. "American
industry has changed its structure,
has gone on a diet, has learnt
to be more quick-witted,"According
to Richard Cavanagh, executive
dean of Harvard's Kennedy School
of Government. "It makes
me proud to be an American just
to see how our business are
improving their productivity."says
Stephen Moore of the Cato Institute,
a think-tank in Washington,
DC. And William Sahlman of the
Harvard Business School believes
that people will look back on
this period as "a golden
age of business management in
the United States."
51.The U.S. achieved its
predominance after World WarⅡbecause
.
[A]it had made painstaking
efforts towards this goal
[B]its domestic market was
eight times larger than before
[C]the war had destroyed
the economies of most potential
competitors
[D]the unparalleled size
of its workforce had given an
impetus to its economy
52.The loss of U.S. predominance
in the world economy in the
1980s is manifested in the fact
that the American .
[A]TV industry had withdrawn
to its domestic market
[B]semiconductor industry
had been taken over by foreign
enterprises
[C]machinetool industry
had collapsed after suicidal
actions
[D]auto industry had lost
part of its domestic market
53.What can be inferred from
the passage?
[A]It is human nature to
shift between self-doubt and
blind pride.
[B]Intense competition may
contribute to economic progress.
[C]The revival of the economy
depends on international cooperation.
[D]A long history of success
may pave the way for further
development.
54.The author seems to believe
the revival of the U.S. economy
in the 1990s can be attributed
to the .
[A]turning of the business
cycle[B]restructuring of industry
[C]improved business management[D]success
in education
Passage2
Being a man has always been
dangerous. There are about 105
males born for every 100 females,
but this ratio drops to near
balance at the age of maturity,
and among 70-year-olds there
are twice as many women as men.
But the great universal of male
mortality is being changed.
Now, boy babies survive almost
as well as girls do. This means
that, for the first time, there
will be an excess of boys in
those crucial years when they
are searching for a mate. More
important, another chance for
natural selection has been removed.
Fifty years ago, the chance
of a baby （particularly a boy
baby） surviving depended on
its weight. A kilogram too light
or too heavy meant almost certain
death. Today it makes almost
no difference. Since much of
the variation is due to genes,
one more agent of evolution
has gone.
There is another way to commit
evolutionary suicide; stay alive,
but have fewer children. Few
people are as fertile as in
the past. Except in some religious
communities, very few women
have 15 children. Nowadays the
number of births, like the age
of death, has become average.
Most of us have roughly the
same number of offspring. Again,
differences between people and
the opportunity for natural
selection to take advantage
of it have diminished. India
shows what is happening. The
country offers wealth for a
few in the great cities and
poverty for the remaining tribal
peoples. The grand mediocrity
of today—everyone being the
same in survival and number
of offspring—means that natural
selection has lost 80% of its
power in uppermiddle class
India compared to the tribes.
For us, this means that evolution
is over; the biological Utopia
has arrived. Strangely, it has
involved little physical change.
No other species fills so many
places in nature. But in the
past 100,000 years—even the
past 100 years—our lives have
been transformed but our bodies
have not. We did not evolve,
because machines and society
did it for us. Darwin had a
phrase to describe those ignorant
of evolution:they "look
at an organic being as a savage
looks at a ship, as at something
wholly beyond his comprehension."No
doubt we will remember a 20th
century way of life beyond comprehension
for its ugliness. But however
amazed our descendants may be
at how far from Utopia we were,
they will look just like us.
55.What used to be the danger
in being a man according to
the first paragraph?
[A]A lack of mates.[B]A fierce
competition.
[C]A lower survival rate.[D]A
defective gene.
56.What does the example
of India illustrate?
[A]Wealthy people tend to
have fewer children than poor
people.
[B]Natural selection hardly
works among the rich and the
poor.
[C]The middle class population
is 80% smaller than that of
the tribes.
[D]India is one of the countries
with a very high birth rate.
57.The author argues that
our bodies have stopped evolving
because .
[A]life has been improved
by technological advance
[B]the number of female babies
has been declining
[C]our species has reached
the highest stage of evolution
[D]the difference between
wealth and poverty is disappearing
58.Which of the following
would be the best title for
the passage?
[A]Sex Ratio Changes in Human
Evolution[B]Ways of Continuing
Man's Evolution
[C]The Evolutionary Future
of Nature[D]Human Evolution
Going Nowhere
Passage3
When a new movement in art
attains a certain fashion, it
is advisable to find out what
its advocates are aiming at,
for, however farfetched and
unreasonable their principles
may seem today, it is possible
that in years to come they may
be regarded as normal. With
regard to Futurist poetry, however,
the case is rather difficult,
for whatever Futurist poetry
may be—even admitting that the
theory on which it is based
may be right—it can hardly be
classed as Literature.
This, in brief, is what the
Futurist says: for a century,
past conditions of life have
been conditionally speeding
up, till now we live in a world
of noise and violence and speed.
Consequently, our feelings,
thoughts and emotions have undergone
a corresponding change. This
speeding up of life, says the
Futurist, requires a new form
of expression. We must speed
up our literature too, if we
want to interpret modern stress.
We must pour out a large stream
of essential words, unhampered
by stops, or qualifying adjectives,
or finite verbs. Instead of
describing sounds we must make
up words that imitate them;
we must use many sizes of type
and different colored ink on
the same page, and shorten or
lengthen words at will.
Certainly their description
of battles are confused. But
it is a little upsetting to
read in the explanatory notes
that a certain line describes
a fight between a Turkish and
a Bulgarian officer on a bridge
off which they both fall into
the river—and then to find that
the line consists of the noise
of their falling and the weights
of the officers: "Pluff!
Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five
kilograms."
This, though it fills the
law and requirements of Futurist
poetry, can hardly be classed
as Literature. All the same,
no thinking man can refuse to
accept their first proposition:that
a great change in our emotional
life calls for a change of expression.The
whole question is really this:have
we essentially changed?
59.This passage is mainly
.
[A]a survey of new approaches
to art[B]a review of Futurist
poetry
[C]about the merits of Futurist
movement[D]about laws and requirements
of literature
60.When a novel literary
idea appears, people should
try to .
[A]determine its purposes[B]ignore
its flaws
[C]follow the new fashions[D]accept
the principles
61.Futurists claim that we
must .
[A]increase the production
of literature[B]use poetry to
relieve modern stress
[C]develop new modes of expression[D]avoid
using adjectives and verbs
62.The author believes that
Futurist poetry is .
[A]based on reasonabe principles[B]new
and acceptable to ordinary people
[C]indicative of basic change
in human nature[D]more of a
transient phenomenon than literature
Passage4
Aimlessness has hardly been
typical of the postwar Japan
whose productivity and social
harmony are the envy of the
United States and Europe. But
increasingly the Japanese are
seeing a decline of the traditional
work-moral values. Ten years
ago young people were hardworking
and saw their jobs as their
primary reason for being, but
now Japan has largely fulfilled
its economic needs, and young
people don't know where they
should go next.
The coming of age of the
postwar baby boom and an entry
of women into the maledominated
job market have limited the
opportunities of teen-agers
who are already questioning
the heavy personal sacrifices
involved in climbing Japan's
rigid social ladder to good
schools and jobs. In a recent
survey, it was found that only
24.5 percent of Japanese students
were fully satified with school
life, compared with 67.2 percent
of students in the United States.
In addition, far more Japanese
workers expressed dissatisfaction
with their jobs than did their
counterparts in the 10 other
countries surveyed.
While often praised by foreigners
for its emphasis on the basics,
Japanese education tend to stress
test taking and mechanical learning
over creativity and selfexpression.
"Those things that do not
show up in the test scores—personality,
ability, courage or humanity—are
completely ignored,"says
Toshiki Kaifu, chairman of the
ruling Liberal Democratic Party's
education committee. "Frustration
against this kind of thing leads
kids to drop out and run wild."Last
year Japan experienced 2,125
incidence of school violence,
including 929 assaults on teachers.
Amid the outcry, many conservative
leaders are seeking a return
to the prewar emphasis on moral
education. Last year Mitsuo
Setoyama, who was then education
minister, raised eyebrows when
he argued that liberal reforms
introduced by the American occupation
authorities after World WarⅡhad
weakened the "Japanese
morality of respect for parents."
But that may have more to
do with Japanese life-styles.
"In Japan,"says educator
Yoko Muro, "it's never
a question of whether you enjoy
your job and your life, but
only how much you can endure."With
economic growth has come centralization;
fully 76 percent of Japan's
119 million citizens live in
cities where community and the
extended family have been abandoned
in favor of isolated, two-generation
households. Urban Japanese have
long endured lengthy commute
（travel to and from work） and
crowded living conditions, but
as the old group and family
values weaken, the discomfort
is beginning to tell. In the
past decade, the Japanese divorce
rate, while still well below
that of the United States, has
increased by 50 percent, and
suicides have increased by nearly
one-quarter.
63.In the westerners' eyes,
the postwar Japan was .
[A]under aimless development[B]a
positive example
[C]a rival to the West[D]on
the decline
64.According to the author,
what may chiefly be responsible
for the moral decline of Japanese
society?
[A]Women's participation
in social activities is limited.
[B]More workers are dissatisfied
with their jobs.
[C]Excessive emphasis has
been placed on the basics.
[D]The life style has been
influenced by western values.
65.Which of the following
is true according to the author?
[A]Japanese education is
praised for helping the young
climb the social ladder.
[B]Japanese education is
characterized by mechanical
learning as well as creativity.
[C]More stress should be
placed on the cultivation of
creativity.
[D]Dropping out leads to
frustration against test taking.
66.The change in Japanese
life-style is revealed in the
fact that .
[A]the young are less tolerant
of discomforts in life
[B]the divorce rate in Japan
exceeds that in the U.S.
[C]the Japanese endure more
than ever before
[D]the Japanese appreciate
the present life
Passage5
If ambition is to be well
regarded, the rewards of ambition—wealth,
distinction, control over one's
destiny—must be deemed worthy
of the sacrifices made on ambition's
behalf. If the tradition of
ambition is to have vitality,
it must be widely shared; and
it especially must be highly
regarded by people who are themselves
admired, the educated not least
among them. In an odd way, however,
it is the educated who have
claimed to have given up on
ambition as an ideal. What is
odd is that they have perhaps
most benefited from ambition—if
not always their own then that
of their parents and grandparents.
There is a heavy note of hypocrisy
in this, a case of closing the
barn door after the horses have
escaped—with the educated themselves
riding on them.
Certainly people do not seem
less interested in success and
its signs now than formerly.
Summer homes, European travel,
BMWs—the locations, place names
and name brands may change,
but such items do not seem less
in demand today than a decade
or two years ago. What has happened
is that people cannot confess
fully to their dreams, as easily
and openly as once they could,
lest they be thought pushing,
acquisitive and vulgar. Instead,
we are treated to fine hypocritical
spectacles, which now more than
ever seem in ample supply: the
critic of American materialism
with a Southampton summer home;
the publisher of radical books
who takes his meals in three
star restaurants; the journalist
advocating participatory democracy
in all phases of life, whose
own children are enrolled in
private schools. For such people
and many more perhaps not so
exceptional, the proper formulation
is, "Succeed at all costs
but avoid appearing ambitious."
The attacks on ambition are
many and come from various angles;
its public defenders are few
and unimpressive, where they
are not extremely unattractive.
As a result, the support for
ambition as a healthy impulse,
a quality to be admired and
fixed in the mind of the young,
is probably lower than it has
ever been in the United States.
This does not mean that ambition
is at an end, that people no
longer feel its stirrings and
promptings, but only that, no
longer openly honored, it is
less openly professed. Consequences
follow from this, of course,
some of which are that ambition
is driven underground, or made
sly. Such, then, is the way
things stand: on the left angry
critics, on the right stupid
supporters, and in the middle,
as usual, the majority of earnest
people trying to get on in life.
67.It is generally believed
that ambition may be well regarded
if .
[A]its returns well compensate
for the sacrifices
[B]it is rewarded with money,
fame and power
[C]its goals are spiritual
rather than material
[D]it is shared by the rich
and the famous
68.The last sentence of the
first paragraph most probably
implies that it is .
[A]customary of the educated
to discard ambition in words
[B]too late to check ambtion
once it has been let out
[C]dishonest to deny ambition
after the fulfillment of the
goal
[D]impractical for the educated
to enjoy benefits from ambition
69.Some people do not openly
admit they have ambition because
.
[A]they think of it as immoral
[B]their pursuits are not
fame or wealth
[C]ambition is not closely
related to material benefits
[D]they do not want to appear
greedy and contemptible
70.From the last paragraph
the conclusion can be drawn
that ambition should be maintained
.
[A]secretly and vigorously[B]openly
and enthusiastically
[C]easily and momentarily[D]verbally
and spiritually
Part Ⅳ EnglishChinese Translation
Directions:
Read the following passage
carefully and then translate
the underlined sentences into
Chinese. Your translation must
be written neatly on ANSWER
SHEETⅡ.（15 points）
Governments throughout the
world act on the assumption
that the welfare of their people
depends largely on the economic
strength and wealth of the community.71）
Under modern conditions, this
requires varying measures of
centralized control and hence
the help of specialized scientists
such as economists and operational
research experts. 72） Furthermore,
it is obvious that the strength
of a country's economy is directly
bound up with the effciency
of its agriculture and industry,
and that this in turn rest upon
the efforts of scientists and
technologists of all kinds.
It also means that the governments
increasingly compelled to interfere
in these sectors in order to
step up production and ensure
that it is utilized to the best
advantage. For example, they
may encourage research in various
ways, including the setting
up of their own research centers;
they may alter the structure
of education, or interfere in
order to reduce the wastage
of natural resources or tap
resources hitherto unexploited;
or they may co-operate directly
in the growing number of international
projects related to science,
economics and industry. In any
case, all such interventions
are heavily dependent on scientific
advice and also scientific and
technological manpower of all
kinds.
73） Owing to the remarkable
development in mass-communications,
people everywhere are feeling
new wants and are being exposed
to new customs and ideas, while
governments are often forced
to introduce still further innovations
for the reasons given above.
At the same time. the normal
rate of social change throughout
the world is taking place at
a vastly accelerated speed compared
with the past. For example,
74） in the early industrialized
countries of Europe the process
of industrialization—with all
the far-reaching changes in
social patterns that followed—was
spread over nearly a century,
whereas nowadays a developing
nation may undergo the same
process in a decade or so. All
this has the effect of building
up unusual pressures and tensions
within the community and consequently
presents serious problems for
the government concerned. 75）
Additional social stresses may
also occur because of the population
explosion or problems arising
from mass migration movements—themselves
made relatively easy nowadays
by modern means of transport.
As a result of all these factors,
governments are becoming increasingly
dependent on biologists and
social scientists for planning
the appropriate programs and
putting them into effect.
PartⅤWriting（15points）
76.Directions:
For this part,you are allowed
40 minutes to write a composition
according to the pictures.Your
composition should be no less
then 150 words.You must base
your composition on the follouing
instructions.
AStudy the following two
pictures carefully and write
an essay of at least 150 words.
BYour essay must be written
neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
CYour essay should meet
the requirements below:
1.Describe the pictures.
2.Deduce the purpose of the
drawer of the pictures.
3.Suggest counter-measures.
A Brief History of World
Commercial Fishing
